Shan'ge Folk Songs of the Yi Ethnic Group in Panzhou City, Guizhou Province, China

Abstract

Shan'ge folk songs are traditional Chinese rural songs that capture the daily life and cultural expressions of local communities through simple melodies and lyrics.The objectives of this research were to: 1) investigate the contemporary status of the Shan ge folk songs of the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city, Guizhou provinee, China, 2) analyze the characteristics of music selected of the Shan'ge folk songs of the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city, Guizhou province, China and 3) provide the guideline for preservation and transmission of the Shan'ge folk songs of the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city, Guizhou province, China. The research utilized questionnaires and interviews with nine key informants as research tools. The result of this research reveals the following:

1. The status of Music and songs in Panzhou city, At present, there have been three relatively large-scale collections and collations in the history of the Yi nationality area in Panzhou city, Guizhou.The status of Musicians in Panzhou city, it was found that there are a total of 12 transmitters recognized by the government, are all engaged in work related to the Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city. The status of functions in social in Panzhou city, it is found that the cognition of the Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city is greatly affected by economic development. As a result, Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city gradually faded out of people's sight, and people's choice of songs in music gradually tilted towards popular modern music.

2. Analyzed the musical characteristics of music selected of Shan’ge folk songs of the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city refers to the Scale, Mode, Melody, Rhyme, Beat, Lyric, Mode. The mode of the Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city is mainly based on the four-notes, while the two-notes and three-notes are relatively rare. The scale of the folk songs of the Yi people in Panzhou city is mainly the four-tones scale. The Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city are mainly composed of Zhi mode, followed by Yu mode, and thirdly Gong mode and Shang mode, while Jue mode is less. In the Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city, its rhythmic form is mainly manifested in the form of free equalization of the duration of the notes, and at the same time, its rhythmic form also changes with the different melody beats.The beats of Shan’ge folk songsof the Yi ethnic group in Panzhou city can be divided into two types: one is stable and regular beats; the other is free and irregular beats.In terms of lyrics, the researchers analyzed it from lyrics. Most of the lyrics are improvisational and more colloquial. Except that the lyrics of the songs sung in the prescribed traditional ceremonial occasions are passed down from generation to generation, most of the lyrics in shan’ge Yi folk songs are created during impromptu singing.

3. Based on research and interviews with experts and officials, actors and transmitters, audiences and students. this chapter discusses the protection, transmission and development of Panzhou Yi folk songs and concludes that there are the following methods for preservation and transmission.

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